The Abbas Mirza Mosque of Irevan: A Multi-source Digital Reconstruction Framework for Lost Architectural Heritage

Abstract

The systematic destruction of cultural heritage, as exemplified by the complete demolition of the Abbas Mirza Mosque by 2014, represents an irreversible loss to global architectural memory. This research addresses this challenge by developing a comprehensive digital 3D reconstruction of the lost mosque, establishing a transferable methodological framework for monuments destroyed with only fragmentary evidence. Our six-phase reconstruction pipeline integrates heterogeneous sources including cadastral plans, archival photographs, artistic renderings, architectural analogues, and textual descriptions. Dimensional data was extracted via photogrammetric analysis using anthropometric scaling and brick module counting, supported by cross-validation protocols and expert consultation. The resulting model achieves a dimensional accuracy of ±5–8% for structural elements, ±10–15% for decorative components, and ±15–20% for color reconstruction. A hierarchical source weighting system and confidence-level categorization ensure transparent uncertainty documentation. This study validates that multi-source digital reconstruction is a potent tool for heritage preservation, contributing to digital heritage scholarship through its innovative integration of artistic evidence, adaptation of photogrammetry for non-survey imagery, and transparent management of interpretative uncertainty.