Urban and Architectural Interventions in Earthen-built Historic Centres. The Case of Dachra El-hamra in El-kantara, Algeria

Abstract

This article focuses exclusively on Dachra El-Hamra, the historic core of El Kantara, Algeria, officially designated as a safeguarded sector on May 15, 2013. It aims to identify and evaluate the urban and architectural interventions implemented through the Algerian governmental programme FSDRS (Fonds spécial de développement des régions du Sud) aimed at preserving the public spaces and cultural landmarks of Dachra El-Hamra. The methodology employed follows a comprehensive investigative approach, combining on-site visits, in-depth archival research, and semi-structured interviews with officials and key actors involved in the conservation process. To assess the quality and effectiveness of the interventions, seven evaluation criteria were developed based on international standards and recommendations for the conservation of cultural heritage, particularly vernacular and earthen architecture. Findings revealed that, although the project addressed the urgent restoration of severely degraded public spaces and landmarks, it failed to comply with key international conservation principles; these shortcomings were caused by the lack of knowledge of vernacular techniques, a lack of serious diagnosis, the choice of incompatible materials, and a lack of involvement of the local populations. Stricter oversight only began after the site was designated as a safeguarded sector under Algerian Law 98-04, which established a more rigorous legal framework for heritage protection. This shift is evident in cases such as the demolition and subsequent reconstruction of the Lapidaire Museum with compatible materials. The forthcoming implementation of the PPSMVSS (Permanent Plan for the Safeguarding and Enhancement of the Safeguarded Sector) is expected to establish clearer regulations and a more robust framework for future interventions in Dachra El-Hamra.